The rich vertebrate assemblage recovered from the base of the Köprülü shales at the top of the Devonian Red Sandstones in the Border Folds of SE Turkey has proved to be exceptional in its composition and stratigraphic emplacement. For the first time, several fish species that were previously restricted either to the Late Devonian or to the Early Carboniferous were found together. In association, rich Ostracode assemblages indicate a Strunian (Latest Devonian) age for this fauna and a transition from supratidal to infralittoral environments. Due to the wide distribution of the Devonian‐Carboniferous formations in SE Turkey, Iraq and Iran, this fauna should become a good marker for this major stratigraphical boundary in the Middle East.

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