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Objectives: To determine prevalence of temporomandibular joint disorder in resident physicians at the Specialty Hospital. Material and methods: Cross sectioned prospective, observational study. Out of a total of 324, 50 residents were assessed, including non surgical and surgical specialties of different residency years. Residents under orthodontic treatment or having been subjected to previous orthodontic treatment were excluded. Helkimo index was applied for temporomandibular joint diagnostic purposes A physical exploration of the temporomandibular joint and masticatory muscles was later conducted. Results: For result evaluation, descriptive statistics and square chi (χ 2 ) test were used. Statistical package SPSS 12 was used. Prevalence of temporomandibular disorder in residents was 66% of studied population. Signifi cant result was obtained with respect to gender; it being higher in females with p ≤ .013. Greater incidence was observed in the fi rst residency years, as well as in non surgical specialties when compared to surgical ones. Conclusions: Prevalence of residents' temporomandibular disorder was similar to that reported worldwide in general population. The present study equally found greater prevalence in females. It would be signifi cant to conduct another study to measure stress in resident physicians and relationship of stress with temporomandibular disorders. RESUMENObjetivos: Determinar la prevalencia de disfunción de la articulación temporomandibular en médicos residentes del Hospital de Especialidades. Material y métodos: Estudio observacional, prospectivo, transversal. Se evaluaron a 50 residentes de un total de 324 incluyendo especialidades no quirúrgicas y quirúrgicas, de los diferentes años de residencia. Fueron excluidos los residentes que se encontraran en tratamiento de ortodoncia o hubieran estado sometidos previamente. Se aplicó el índice de Helkimo con fi nes diagnósticos para disfunción temporomandibular, posteriormente se realizó una exploración física de la articulación temporomandibular y de los músculos de la masticación. Resultados: Para la evaluación de resultados se utilizó estadística descriptiva y chi-cuadrada (χ 2 ). Utilizando el paquete estadístico SPSS 12. La prevalencia de disfunción temporomandibular en residentes fue del 66% de la población estudiada. Tuvimos un resultado signifi cativo en cuanto al género siendo mayor en mujeres con una p ≤ .013. En los primeros años de residencia se observó mayor incidencia, así como en las especialidades no quirúrgicas, que en las quirúrgicas. Conclusiones: La prevalencia de la disfunción temporomandibular en residentes es igual a la reportada a nivel mundial en población general. Al igual, encontramos mayor prevalencia en mujeres. Sería importante realizar otro estudio para medir estrés en médicos residentes y la relación con disfunción temporomandibular.

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Objective: Evaluate the electromyographic changes in the Masseter (MM) and Temporalis (TM) muscles during voluntary clenching of the teeth both before and after orthognathic surgery in patients aged 18 years and older and diagnosed with mandibular prognathism. Methods: Eleven patients with prognathism were included in the study, in all of whom the initial phase of orthodontic treatment had been completed. The orthognathic procedure to reduce prognathism comprised intraoral oblique sliding (or subsigmoid) osteotomy, after which intermaxillary fixation with ligaments in the maxilla and mandible was undertaken in all patients for 6 weeks post-surgery. Electromyographic activity was recorded during the baseline maximum voluntary contraction of the teeth, with the same measurement taken 3 and then 6 months after orthognathic surgery. Results: Significant differences were found in the mean amplitude (17.0 vs 14.7, P = 0.020) and peak-to-peak amplitude (left [761.6 vs 457.0, P = 0.003] and right [676.9 vs 357.4, P = 0.007]) for the MM between the baseline score and 6 months after surgery. Likewise, significant differences were found in the mean amplitude (18.2 vs 25.6, P = 0.009) and peak-to-peak amplitude (left [856.4 vs 1594.2, P = 0.004] and right [804.4 vs 1813.4, P = 0.004]) for the TM between the baseline score and that taken 6 months post-surgery. Only 18.2% (2/11) presented orthodontic appliances problem in the 3 months post-surgery. Conclusion: Electromyographic activity was restored 6 months after the orthognathic surgery. From a clinical perspective, the results obtained confirm that orthognathic surgery has not only an esthetic but also a functional objective in terms of achieving equilibrium and occlusal harmony.