Recibido el 13/09/2019/ Aceptado el 16/10/2019 ARTÍCULO ORIGINAL PALABRAS CLAVEEstrategias, metacognición, lectura, procesos, didáctica.Esta investigación busca promover el desarrollo de la comprensión lectora mediante la aplicación de estrategias metacognitivas, así mismo dar a conocer la importancia de los procesos de la metacognición en los diferentes niveles de lectura y la utilidad de diseñar unidades didácticas que atiendan a necesidades específicas de aprendizajes. Se llevó a cabo un estudio con estudiantes de los grados tercero y cuarto de la básica primaria, en el que se analizaron los datos obtenidos de la aplicación de una unidad didáctica, que incluía cuestionarios en los que se propiciaba el uso de las estrategias metacognitivas (conocimientos previos, predicción y verificación y el resumen). De igual manera se tuvieron en cuenta los procesos metacognitivos de: planeación, monitoreo y evaluación, trabajados en los diferentes momentos de la lectura (antes, durante y después). Los resultados ponen en manifiesto que las estrategias metacognitivas permiten mejorar y fomentar los procesos de comprensión lectora porque ofrecen al sujeto herramientas que le ayudan a supervisar, controlar, evaluar y tomar conciencia de su proceso de aprendizaje.This research seeks to promote the development of reading comprehension through the application of metacognitive strategies, as well as to publicize the importance of metacognition processes at different reading levels and the usefulness of designing teaching units that meet specific learning needs. For this, a qualitative -descriptive study was carried out with students in the third and fourth grades of primary school, in which the data obtained from the application of a didactic unit were analyzed, which included questionnaires in which the use was encouraged of metacognitive strategies (previous knowledge, prediction and verification and summary). Similarly, the metacognitive processes of: planning, monitoring and evaluation, worked at different times of reading (before, during and after) were taken into account. The results obtained show that metacognitive strategies make it possible to improve and promote reading comprehension processes because they offer the subject tools that help them monitor, control, evaluate and become aware of their learning process.
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