The article focuses on the case of the largest steel plant in Europe, located in Taranto (Italy), to argue that its current crisis is not simply dictated by technological or managerial failings. Rather, the article contends that its problems stem from a regulatory crisis and, specifically, from the failure of the deregulation model pursued after the industry's process of privatization. Such a model has hinged upon the logic of a big private firm that, on the one hand, has sought to disembed itself from the socio-institutional context and, on the other, has set and followed its own rules with disruptive effects on the local society and environment, as well as on the plant's economic viability. Such a model entered a crisis when the other socio-institutional actors started to react to the disastrous situation existing in Taranto. To use Polanyian language, a 'double movement' has emerged: disruptive pressures have triggered defensive reactions.
Questo articolo fa il punto del dibattito sulle politiche di sviluppo in Italia, interrogandosi sul cambiamento della regolazione intervenuto negli ultimi decenni nel nostro Paese, sull'emergere di nuove scalaritŕ e sugli esiti ad esse associate, utilizzando i contributi della sociologia economica e della geografia politica. Il Mezzogiorno č il principale riferimento dell'analisi. Si sostiene che la forte discontinuitŕ introdotta nella politica di sviluppo non č riuscita a contribuire ad una altrettanto forte discontinuitŕ nelle dinamiche economiche del Mezzogiorno. Le difficoltŕ non risiedono tanto nelle caratteristiche interne al modello quanto nella complessitŕ della tensione tra locale e globale. L'articolo suggerisce l'opportunitŕ di tornare a pensare allo sviluppo come ad una questione socio-politica e ad assumere una visione complessiva del problema. Rispetto a questo, č opportuno riconsiderare il ruolo dello Stato.
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