The anaerobic processes literature review contains a comprehensive discussion of articles published in 2011, including both original research and review articles. Specific attention is paid to studies on design and optimization of systems using anaerobic processes, as well as characterizing the microflora involved in such processes.This year's anaerobic processes literature review is divided into the following sections:biogas treatment and use, integrated approaches, modeling advances, process technology, hydrogen production, microbiology, anammox, treatability studies, and toxicity.

Bacteriological contamination of drinking water wells poses a challenge to many rural areas of First Nations communities in Alberta that rely on wells as the primary drinking water source for large proportions of their populations. Here we reviewed available historical data for the Samson Cree Nation near Maskwacis, Alberta (formerly Hobbema), to identify linkages between various environmental and historical factors and the risk of contamination by Escherichia coli and total coliform bacteria. Increased bacterial counts were found to be associated with a peak in total precipitation and surface water flow following a two to four month lag period. Wells installed by contractors operating at an earlier period in time were also found to be at greater risk than more recent installations. These findings can be used to better characterize the risk of contamination, which will assist in tailoring remedial actions to address chronic or recurring bacteriological presence in wells.

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