Tindakan sosial adalah perilaku pelaku usaha perikanan terhadap pelaku lain dengan tujuan dan motivasi tertentu. Permasalahannya, tindakan sosial pelaku usaha pada kawasan Sentra Kelautan dan Perikanan Terpadu (SKPT) Sabang tidak responsif mendukung beroperasinya SKPT Sabang. Tujuan tulisan ini mempelajari karakteristik aspek sosial budaya masyarakat perikanan Sabang serta tindakan sosial yang terkait dengan hal itu agar SKPT Sabang dapat berfungsi. Data dan informasi diperoleh dari Focus Group Discussion (FGD). Observasi langsung (aktuelles verstehen), dan pemahaman motif tindakan (eklarendes verstehen) digunakan sebagai teknik untuk mendalami infomasi hasil FGD tersebut. Pengumpulan data dilakukan pada Oktober 2018. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan: tindakan sosial tradisional mendominasi keputusan pelaku usaha dalam penangkapan ikan. Pelaku usaha perikanan tersebut harus taat hukum adat laot yang dipantau Panglima Laot; tindakan sosial rasional instrumental mendominasi tindakan pelaku usaha pada kegiatan penanganan hasil tangkapan serta distribusi dan pemasaran ikan. Motif tindakan sosial yang terakhir ini mempengaruhi pelaku usaha lain, agar pasokan ikan dapat diperoleh atau mengoptimalkan manfaat karena tindakan pelaku usaha lain. Tulisan ini merekomendasikan agar di SKPT Sabang dilakukan perubahan sosial melalui transformasi 30% - 40% dari 684 unit armada perikanan <3 GT menjadi armada >10 GT. Transformasi ini akan mendorong tindakan sosial pada trip penangkapan ikan, peningkatan permintaan tenaga kerja trampil (pawang) dan penggunaan teknologi dalam penanganan serta pemasaran/distribusi ikan.Social action is defined as the action among business actors for specific purposes or motives. The problem of social action in the SKPT (integrated marine and fisheries center) Sabang is that the business actors in fisheries are not responsive to support the operationalization of SKPT Sabang. The purpose of this paper is to learn the characteristics of business actors on socio-cultural aspects and social action to support the daily operation of SKPT Sabang. Data and information were collected from the Focus Group Discussion (FGD). Direct observation (aktuelles verstehen) and Empathetic Understanding (eklarendes verstehen) were used as techniques to collect advanced information. Data were collected in October 2018. The research findings are: traditional social actions dominate fishing actors’ activities. The business actors remain to obey on the local traditional rule (adat laot rule) observed by Panglima Laot; instrumental rational social actions are always carried out by business actors on the post-harvest fishing activities as well as distribution and fish marketing. The last social action motives are to influence others to provide fish and to reach optimal benefit due to other business actor action. This paper recommends preparing the social change through transformation 30% - 40% of < 3 GT fishing vessel to > 10 GT in Sabang. It will then change the duration of fishing activity, increase demand for skilled labor (pawang), and the application of technology in post-harvest as well as marketing/fish distribution.
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