The present study showed a trend of increasing prevalence of C indologenes infection after introduction of colistin and tigecycline usage. The bacteremia group had higher mortality rate than the pneumonia group. Increasing resistance to piperacillin-tazobactam, ceftazidime, cefepime, and newer fluoroquinolone were noticed in our analysis. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole was a potential antimicrobial agent in vitro for C indologenes. To avoid collateral damage, we emphasize the importance of antibiotic stewardship program.

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Corynebacterium striatum (C striatum) has been considered a contaminant of blood culture in past decades. Here we report the case of a patient with acute deterioration of chronic renal failure. She received hemodialysis and died from C striatum bacteremia. By using a randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) method, we found that an association existed between C striatum from the bloodstream and that from the central venous catheter. We suggest that C striatum could be a pathogen of bloodstream infection in patients with such a catheter in place.

Aerosolized CMS therapy has acceptable efficacy for XDRAB pneumonia, but no proven efficacy for XDRAB airway colonization.