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Highly stable polarization gratings have been prepared in photocrosslinkable polymer liquid-crystal films by the use of two orthogonally polarized He–Cd laser beams and subsequent annealing. The resulting pure polarization gratings exhibiting thermal stability up to 150 °C diffract the beam and convert the polarization state at the same time according to the theoretical expectation.

It is urgent to develop novel anti-Pseudomonas agents that should also be active against multidrug resistant P. aeruginosa. Expanding the antibacterial spectrum of muraymycins toward P. aeruginosa was investigated by the systematic structure-activity relationship study. It was revealed that two functional groups, a lipophilic side chain and a guanidino group, at the accessory moiety of muraymycins were important for the anti-Pseudomonas activity, and analogue 29 exhibited antibacterial activity against a range of P. aeruginosa strains with the minimum inhibitory concentration values of 4-8 μg/mL.