We devised a questionnaire for estimation of each tic, and used a two‐step investigation procedure, first by a parent questionnaire with 1,218 responses and second by a confirmatory telephone interview for 197 positive responses. The average estimated values were 11.3% for boys and 5.2% for girls. The prevalences were–blinking: 4.2%, head‐jerking: 1.6%, shrugging: 1.2%, mouth‐twitching: 0.6%, face‐distortion: 0.5%, mouth‐opening: 0%, throat‐clearing: 2.7%, sniffing: 0.6%, and vocalization: 0.2%. According to the criteria in DSM‐III‐R, 5.1% of 1,218 had TTD, 2.2% had CMVTD, and 0.5% had Tourette disorder.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.