In spring of 2011, an epidemic outbreak of torafugu with high mortality occurred in an aquafarm with marine industrial recirculation aquaculture system (MIRAS) in Yantai, Shandong Province, China. The diseased fish showed anorexia, haemorrhaging and festering fin and skin and swelling internal organs. Forty-five dominant bacterial isolates were obtained from the diseased fish, and were found to belong to 12 species according to 16S rRNA gene sequences. One strain from each species was selected to test the pathogenicity, and five strains were showed to be virulent to zebrafish. Whereas Enterovibrio nigricans Fr42 was highly virulent with the LD 50 of 7.8 9 10 4 CFU g À1 , Photobacterium swingsii Fr23, Vibrio owensii Fr40, V. harveyi Fr51 and V. rotiferianus Fr71 were moderately virulent with the LD 50 of 1.7 9 10 6 to 8.4 9 10 6 CFU g À1 . Both the bacteria and their extracellular products of the five strains were found to show phospholipase, caseinase, gelatinase, amylase and/or lipase activities. The production of N-acyl homoserine lactones (AHLs) of the five strains was detected by three different AHLs biosensors, and three of them were found to produce AHLs by at least one kind of biosensor. This is the first study describing various opportunistic bacterial pathogens of fish cultured in MIRAS in China.

Allele frequencies and forensically relevant population statistics of the STR loci in the AmpFlSTR® NGM SElect™ PCR Amplification Kit were estimated for the Han population from Fujian province in China (n = 454). All loci were highly polymorphic and the cumulative match probability was 5.4 × 10(-21). No significant departure from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium and linkage equilibrium was detected after correction for sampling. The population substructure of Fujian Han population is minor.

Purpose. This research mainly clarifies the impacts of low-dose- (LD-) total glycosides of Tripterygium wilfordii (GTW) plus methotrexate (MTX) on immunological function and inflammation level in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Methods. We enrolled 106 RA patients treated in Yanbian University Hospital between July 2019 and July 2021, including 56 cases (research group) intervened by LD-total GTW plus MTX and 50 cases (control group) treated with MTX, in addition to conventional treatment given to both groups. The improvement in immunological function (immunoglobulin (Ig) A, IgG, and IgM), inflammatory cytokines (ICs; C-reaction protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interleukin-6 (IL-6)), incidence of adverse reactions (ARs), joint function, and patient satisfaction were observed and compared. Results. Statistical better improvements of immunological function, ICs, and joint function were observed in the research group compared with the control group. Besides, patient satisfaction was higher and the incidence of ARs was lower in the research group. Conclusions. LD-total GTW plus MTX is highly effective and safe in enhancing the immunity, lowering the inflammation level, and improving the joint function of RA patients.

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