Б а с р е д а к т о р ы х. ғ. д., проф., ҚР ҰҒА академигі М. Ж. Жұрынов Р е д а к ц и я а л қ а с ы: Абиев Р.Ш. проф. (Ресей) Абишев М.Е. проф., корр.-мүшесі (Қазақстан) Аврамов К.В. проф. (Украина) Аппель Юрген проф. (Германия) Баймуқанов Д.А. проф., корр.-мүшесі (Қазақстан) Байтулин И.О. проф., академик (Қазақстан) Банас Иозеф проф. (Польша) Берсимбаев Р.И. проф., академик (Қазақстан) Велесько С. проф. (Германия) Велихов Е.П. проф., РҒА академигі (Ресей) Гашимзаде Ф. проф., академик (Əзірбайжан) Гончарук В.В. проф., академик (Украина) Давлетов А.Е. проф., корр.-мүшесі (Қазақстан) Джрбашян Р.Т. проф., академик (Армения) Қалимолдаев М.Н. проф., академик (Қазақстан), бас ред. орынбасары Лаверов Н.П. проф., академик РАН (Россия) Лупашку Ф. проф., корр.-мүшесі (Молдова) Мохд Хасан Селамат проф. (Малайзия) Мырхалықов Ж.У. проф., академик (Қазақстан) Новак Изабелла проф. (Польша) Огарь Н.П. проф., корр.-мүшесі (Қазақстан) Полещук О.Х. проф. (Ресей) Поняев А.И. проф. (Ресей) Сагиян А.С. проф., академик (Армения) Сатубалдин С.С. проф., академик (Қазақстан) Таткеева Г.Г. проф., корр.-мүшесі (Қазақстан) Умбетаев И. проф., академик (Қазақстан) Хрипунов Г.С. проф. (Украина) Юлдашбаев Ю.А. проф., РҒА корр-мүшесі (Ресей) Якубова М.М. проф., академик (Тəжікстан) «Қазақстан Республикасы Ұлттық ғылым академиясының Хабаршысы».

The article deals with the formation of the area of leaves of spring wheat depending on the treatment of seeds and varieties in the conditions of the Chuvash Republic. Three varieties of Margarita, Simbircite, and Prokhorovka were studied. The second factor is seed treatment in three gradations: 1. Without processing (control). 2. Seed treatment with the drug Benlate. 3. Seed treatment with Nano-Gro. The results of the analysis of leaves area formation are presented. Determining the optimal leaves area is a very complex problem. Solar radiation at an insufficient leaves area of field plants is absorbed not completely; at the greatest developed leaf surface the same phenomenon occurs. In combination with the seed protectant of spring grain crops – Benlate, the authors also studied the effect of Nano-Gro. The presowing treatment of seeds with the Nano-Gro solution significantly affects the increase in the formation of the leaves area of spring wheat.

Б а с р е д а к т о р ы х.ғ.д., проф., ҚР ҰҒА академигі М.Ж. Жұрынов Р е д а к ц и я а л қ а с ы: Абиев Р.Ш. проф. (Ресей) Абишев М.Е. проф., корр.-мүшесі (Қазақстан) Аврамов К.В. проф. (Украина) Аппель Юрген проф. (Германия) Баймуқанов Д.А. проф., корр.-мүшесі (Қазақстан) Байтулин И.О. проф., академик (Қазақстан) Банас Иозеф проф. (Польша) Берсимбаев Р.И. проф., академик (Қазақстан) Велесько С. проф. (Германия) Велихов Е.П. проф., РҒА академигі (Ресей) Гашимзаде Ф. проф., академик (Әзірбайжан) Гончарук В.В. проф., академик (Украина) Давлетов А.Е. проф., корр.-мүшесі (Қазақстан) Джрбашян Р.Т. проф., академик (Армения) Қалимолдаев М.Н. проф., академик (Қазақстан), бас ред. орынбасары Лаверов Н.П. проф., академик РАН (Россия) Лупашку Ф. проф., корр.-мүшесі (Молдова) Мохд Хасан Селамат проф. (Малайзия) Мырхалықов Ж.У. проф., академик (Қазақстан) Новак Изабелла проф. (Польша) Огарь Н.П. проф., корр.-мүшесі (Қазақстан) Полещук О.Х. проф. (Ресей) Поняев А.И. проф. (Ресей) Сагиян А.С. проф., академик (Армения) Сатубалдин С.С. проф., академик (Қазақстан) Таткеева Г.Г. проф., корр.-мүшесі (Қазақстан) Умбетаев И. проф., академик (Қазақстан) Хрипунов Г.С. проф. (Украина) Юлдашбаев Ю.А. проф., РҒА академигі (Ресей) Якубова М.М. проф., академик (Тәжікстан) «Қазақстан Республикасы Ұлттық ғылым академиясының Хабаршысы».

New varieties of spring triticale were taken an assessment in the conditions of the Republic of Chuvashia. It’s elicited that Saur variety is characterized by the biggest number of productive footstalks with kernel weight per spike and thousand-kernel weight. Variety Rovnya had the least number of productive footstalks. This variety showed minimal number of spikelets in a spike. At the same time, Rovnya had the biggest amount of grains. Variety Ulyana was inferior to all other varieties in kernel weight per spike and thousand-kernel weight. Variety Khaikar true of fact exceeded the standard in the number of productive footstalks, kernel weight per spike and thousand-kernel weight but in the number of spikelets and seeds in a spike was equal to Ulyana. The varieties Saur and Khaikar exceeded the standard in crop yields. Field germination rate turned to be rather low. In fact, Ulyana’s seeding rate has not affected the index. It fluctuated from 56, 0-56, 5%. Seeding density depended on both seed application rate and the variety itself. Number of seedlings with seeding rate growth increased of Ulyana variety from 225 to 339 and 276-372 pcs / m² of Khaikar. However, with increase of the seeding rate the survival capacity and viability of plants decreased. Especially sharp decline was common to the seeding rate of 6 ml of germinating seeds. Optimal seeding rate of triticale varieties in Chuvashia is 5 ml per 1 ha.

In increasing soil fertility, an important role belongs to legumes, which are capable of fixing nitrogen from the atmosphere. One of these crops is of great interest to soybeans. This crop can be successfully cultivated both green manure and fodder - for grain and green mass. For this, we studied four links of the crop rotation. The research was carried out on the experimental field of the Department of Agriculture, Plant Growing, Breeding and Seed Production of the Chuvash State Agrarian University in 2018-2020. Experimental data showed that the most effective in all quantitative indicators are the links of crop rotation with leguminous crops - soybeans. The most productive were the links in the crop rotation: the second link in the crop rotation: cultivated soybeans - potatoes - barley and the fourth link in the crop rotation: cultivated soybeans - spring wheat - barley. The yield of potatoes and spring wheat in the second year after the soybean predecessor increased by 65.6% and 27.6%, compared with the control. The increase in barley in the aftereffect (third year) was 28.0% and 42.1%, respectively.