RÉSUMÉABSTRACT In France, in 1993, more than 10 000 workers, Le. nearly a quarter of the workers significantly exposed, were working in the medical, research and nonnuclear industrial fields. The annual average dose per significantly exposed worker was 2 mSv for veterinary surgeons, 3 mSv for the medical sector, 5.5 mSv for the non-nuclear industry. In the industrial sector, more than 8% of the exposed workers received an annual dose higher than 15 mSv. tices, especially for the new practices such as interventional radiology, would make it possible to supply other enterprises or radiological services with information on what an optimised practice might be, under reference conditions, as far as radiological protection is concerned. The true difficulties in the implementation of optimisation in the industrial and medical sectors are not those which are commonly put forward (low levels of exposure, lack of resources, complexity...) but rather a lack of relevant data and above all a lack of culture on the residual risk.
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