No abstract

invasion is the importation of the sawfly in its preimaginal phases with the planting material, followed by independent expansion of imagoes. the absence of broadleaved peony species in the natural ecosystems of the steppe zone is a key factor constraining the expansion of the T. talyshensis range. During mass reproduction, it causes serious damage to flower-decorative plantings.

One of the new environmentally friendly areas of plant protection is the use of natural protective mechanisms in protection against phytopathogens. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the role of plant immunity inducers of various chemical nature (poly-beta-hydroxybutyric acid, arachidonic acid ethyl ester and chitosan lactate) when included in peach and apple protection systems against diseases dominating in the region of wet subtopics of Russia and Abkhazia (leaf curl and scab, respectively). Studies on peach against leaf curl were conducted on the variety ‘Redhaven’ (Sochi, Russia) in 2014-2016, and on the apple tree against scab on the variety ‘Golden Rangers’ (Gulripshi district, Abkhazia) in 2016-2019. The standard was the peach and apple tree chemical protection system adopted in the region. We studied the effectiveness of tank mixtures of plant immunity inducers (Albit®, Immunocytophite®, Ecogel®) with half dosages of pesticides used in the standard. The biological effectiveness of all mixtures with plant immunity inducers on peach exceeded the standard, and on the apple tree was at the standard level. The best results were obtained in variants with Ecogel® and Albit®. In variants with plant immunity inducers crop yields were 23-60% higher than in the control.

The article analyzes the results of using the plant growth regulator Biosil® to increase the resistance of peach to the main leaf diseases (peach leaf curl (caused by Taphrina deformans (Berk.) Tul.) and shot-hole disease (caused by Stigmina carpophila (Lév.) M.B. Ellis)). The studies were carried out for four years (2018-2021) in peach orchards in the zone of humid subtropics of the Black Sea coast of the Caucasus (Sochi, Russia). The degree of development of peach leaf curl in the control variant was 10.2-25.0%. The degree of development of shot-hole disease in the control variant was 9.2-29.8%. The use of Biosil in combination with fungicides in half doses and in pure form makes it possible to increase the resistance of the crop to the studied diseases. The maximum biological efficiency (up to 70%) in relation to leaf curl and up to 60% in relation to shot-hole disease was observed when Biosil was used in a tank mixture with fungicides. The use of the plant growth regulator Biosil makes it possible to reduce the dose of fungicides in peach agrocenoses while protecting against peach leaf curl and shot-hole disease by half. The use of the studied growth regulator for four years did not lead to a decrease in its biological efficiency.