Limited information is available describing point-of-use (POU) water quality in rural Guatemala. Source water quality in eastern Guatemala is of concern given underlying volcanic geology that can leach arsenic and the presence of large-scale mining, which can potentially exacerbate exposure. On-premise piped POU water in the rural community of San Rafael las Flores was sampled in 31 households to characterize a suite of metallic ions and E. coli, along with a survey of water uses and perceptions. Samples were analyzed via standard laboratory methods in the United States and an arsenic quick kit in the field. Fourteen household samples contained arsenic >9 μg/L and 13% of households exceeded at least one Guatemalan and US health-based water quality standard. Survey results revealed widespread dissatisfaction with water quality and service: most participants did not drink their POU water, fearing illness, and instead purchased bottled water or collected from untreated springs. Ideally, establishment of baseline water quality and an understanding of local concerns will facilitate collaborative partnerships and interventions that build community trust in appropriate water infrastructure while identifying surrounding land use impacts. This work represents the first Guatemalan study that quantifies POU contamination while concurrently examining user perceptions, preferences, and concerns.
La producción agrícola y pecuaria en las comunidades rurales contribuyen de manera relevante en el crecimiento económico y la seguridad alimentaria de un país. Los huertos son espacios clave para la producción como para el aporte a la recuperación de los recursos naturales, cuando se trabaja con un enfoque agroecológico. Se evaluó los cambios en la economía familiar de la Comuna Indivisa de Chinchanga, ubicada entre los cantones de Calvas y Sozoranga de la provincia de Loja, bajo la intervención de organizaciones públicas y privadas durante el período 2006-2016. Se realizaron 169 encuestas dirigidas a jefes/as de hogar relacionadas con el ingreso, egreso y rentabilidad mensual de las familias. Los resultados señalaron un incrementó en el ingreso familiar en un 84.82% y la rentabilidad en 137.22% por la venta de sus nuevos productos agropecuarios y productos de ciclo corto. Además, se evidenció cambios significativos en los ingresos y rentabilidad entre los dos periodos relacionado con la diversificación de la producción agrícola y huertos familiares. La educación influyó en la economía familiar de esta comuna, dado que las personas con mayores ingresos, son los que han cursado un nivel secundario.
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