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The changes brought about by structural variations on the properties of disperse dyes derived from 4–aminoazobenzene and related compounds are described and discussed, with particular reference to modifications in terminal substituents. Relationships between electronic effects, steric effects, tautomeric equilibria and colour, and between fastness properties and dye structure are examined.

The spectral shifts of the first absorption bands brought about by cyclic terminal groups in analogues of Michler's Hydrol Blue, Malachite Green, and Crystal Violet are determined mainly by inductive effects.Dye cations containing terminal pyrrolidino substituents are significantly more stable than those possessing piperidino groups as a result of differences in basicity brought about by a change in size of the saturated heterocyclic ring.