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With 3 figures in the text)The occurrence of helminth parasites and leptospires from the Long-tailed field mouse, Apodemus sylvaticus, the Bank vole, Clethrionomys glareolus and the Short-tailed vole, Microtus agrestis has been studied from four woodland areas in Surrey. The composition of the helminth fauna of these rodents, particularly A . sylvaticus and C . glareolus, differs from that of previous studies carried out in the British Isles in consisting largely of cestodes and fewer species of digeneans and nematodes. On the other hand the degree of infection of the rodents with nematodes as in the case of A . sylvaticus infected with the trichostrongylid Nematospiroides dubius and the oxyurid Syphacia stroma and of C. glareolus with the capillarid Capillaria muris sylvatici is greater than the cestode and digenean infections and is probably linked with the monoxenous nature of the nematode life cycles.Differences in the number, incidence and degree of infection of mice and voles with species of helrninths is undoubtedly linked with differences in the feeding habits of the respective hosts but the present study has also confirmed that infection levels in both leptospires and helminths are influenced by the agelsex relationships of the host together with season and habitat. The relationship between the distribution of rodents infected with leptospires and some helminths suggests similarities in the mode of their transmission.

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SUMMARYOne thousand two hundred and sixty-nine freeliving, wild mammals, representative of 16 species from estates in Berkshire, Oxfordshire and Surrey, were examined for the presence of salmonellas. Salmonella typhimurium was isolated from 1 and S. dublin from 7 house mice (Mus musculus). There were no isolations from the other species examined. It was concluded that the house-mice infected with S. dublin acquired the organism from experimentally infected cattle.

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