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In the 2nd column the percentage of neck fractures for a given period is listed. In the third column Garden-I and -II fractures were excluded. Part of these fractures was treated conservatively up to the 80s, but even thereafter, they were not operated on an emergency basis (except hypervalgus fractures), but only when the access to the operating room was available.

Late osteonecrosis and/or osteoarthrosis occurs frequently after dislocation and fracture dislocation of the talus. The cause seems to be a primary vascular lesion additionally to the initial damage of bone and cartilage and subsequent joint incognity. We recommended phlebography 3 to 6 months after injury for the proof or exclusion of a vascular lesion. Our experience with this method has been encouraging.

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