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Ultrasonography is the imaging technology of choice for the evaluation of the reproduction system and pregnancy in both humans and animals. Today, ultrasound equipments are smaller, cheaper, and much more efficient. These upgrades, along with image digitization, have pushed ultrasound into the point-of-care setting. The most recent advances of different ultrasound techniques and their potential use in reproduction imaging of small animals are described in this review. 2 | DOPPLER The Doppler effect describes a change in the wavelength of energy transmitted as sound waves as a result of motion of their source or their receiver. The most commonly used indices to describe the waveform of the spectral Doppler are resistance index (RI): RI = (S−D)/S, systolic/diastolic (S/D) ratio: S/D and pulsatility index (PI): (S−D)/A

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PPVE using NBCA is more efficient and causes more NEL hypertrophy than microspheres.

A Basset Hound dog was presented with anorexia, fever, diarrhea, significant level of splenomegaly, and enlargement of mesenteric and superficial lymph nodes. Cytology of fine-needle-aspiration material, obtained from popliteal lymph node, revealed macrophages with intracytoplasmic, nonstaining, slender, rod-like structures, indicative of mycobacteria. Bacterial culture of lymph node aspirated material produced a colony which by means of molecular techniques (PCR amplification and hybridization of PCR products) was subsequently identified as Mycobacterium avium. This is the first report of disseminated M. avium infection in a dog in Greece.