Cystoscopic incision for the treatment of ureterocele is a controversial procedure. With the advent of prenatal diagnosis of obstructive uropathy, neonates with asymptomatic ureteroceles are being encountered. We discuss several situations in which transurethral cystoscopic incision of the ureterocele may have merit.

This study showed that MIS for ATD is feasible with a low rate of complications. Patients with prenatal diagnosis should have prompt surgery to prevent symptoms, despite a high rate of conversion in small infants.

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Three techniques have been developed for single-stage repair of posterior hypospadias: free skin grafts, free bladder mucosal grafts, and pedicle preputial grafts. This multicenter retrospective study of 178 children who underwent surgery for posterior hypospadias was designed to compare the results achieved with these procedures. Free skin grafts (15 cases) resulted in the most frequent complications, and in particular the most severe strictures; in our opinion this technique should be abandoned. Pedicle preputial grafts (133 cases) gave the greatest number of successes from the outset, and should be preferred whenever the dimensions of the prepuce are sufficient for urethroplasty. Results with bladder mucosal grafts (30 cases) were not as good as with preputial grafts, but this technique remains the only solution when the meatus is in a very posterior position, and for children who have already undergone multiple operations.

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