SUMMARYAssociations between monthly counts of all laboratory-confirmed cases of salmonellosis in Arkhangelsk, northern Russia, from 1992 to 2008 and climatic variables with lags 0–2 were studied by three different models. We observed a linear association between the number of cases of salmonellosis and mean monthly temperature with a lag of 1 month across the whole range of temperatures. An increase of 1 °C was associated with a 2·04% [95% confidence interval (CI) 0·25–3·84], 1·84% (95% CI 0·06–3·63) and 2·32% (95% CI 0·38–4·27) increase in different models. Only one of the three models suggested an increase in the number of cases, by 0·24% (95% CI 0·02–0·46) with an increase in precipitation by 1 mm in the same month. Higher temperatures were associated with higher monthly counts of salmonellosis while the association with precipitation was less certain. The results may have implications for the future patterns of enteric infections in northern areas related to climate change.

The article is devoted to determination of the personal recourses of oil and gas workers to overcome the negative impact of Arctic climate and geographical conditions. The study was carried out as a scientific expedition, with a participation of 70 oil and gas workers of the Nenets Autonomous Okrug from March to April 2015 (rotation shift duration - 30 days), aged from 24 to 60 years (average age 38.46 ± 1.410) The study was conducted through questionnaires, psychological tests. Statistical analysis was performed using the methods of descriptive statistics and discriminative analysis. Data processing was carried out using SPSS 22.00 software package. The study revealed the prevailing regulatory processes and mechanisms of psychological protection (as parameters of personal resources) for shift workers with low and high levels of situational and subjective meteoreaction in the Arctic. Workers with a low level of situational meteoreaction have an average level of programming and high-level of results assessment as the regulatory processes, the low level of psychological defense mechanisms - projection and regression, higher values - suppression, compensation and replacement. Specialists with low subjective meteoreaction are characterized by a higher level of programming as the regulatory process, a low level of psychological defense mechanism - compensation and high values - projection and rationalization.

The article is devoted to one of the research areas of the thematic network' members "Working in the Arctic," the University of Arctic. The study was sponsored by the Russian President's grant for state support of young Russian scientists - PhD (MK-7500.2016.6). The aim of the present research is to study the dynamics of functional states of oil and gas workers of different professional groups during shift-in period in the Arctic and the development of measures to optimize them, and developing recommendations to optimize the functional state of workers in the Far North (to increase efficiency, reduce fatigue), as a factor of security and labor protection in complex natural and industrial conditions of the Far North by improving the efficiency of PPE. The study involved 70 oil and gas workers in the Nenets Autonomous Okrug of Russian Federation (the shift-in duration was 30 days) between the ages of 24 to 60 years (mean age 38,7 ± 9,7) from March to April 2015. Research methods are questioning, a complex visual-motor reaction (CVMR), "variation cardiointervalometry" (VCM); descriptive statistics and multivariate analysis of variance MANOVA. Treatment was carried out using the software package SPSS 22.00. Studying the functional states' dynamics of oil and gas employees during the period shift led to the conclusion that, despite the increase in the efficiency by the end of the shift period, there has been a pronounced decline in of working capacity for all employees (which is confirmed by both psychophysiological and psychological methods). The group at highest risk about level of efficiency and its reduction by the shift end include: drivers, operators of oil and gas, engineering and technical workers (due to the high intensity and complexity of the activity). For these staff' categories are necessary to provide special programs for the prevention of fatigue and increase working capacity. One of the ways to optimize of working capacity of oil and gas staff in the Arctic is the selection of the optimal special clothing and personal protective equipment.

The article provides an analytical review of scientific research and statistical reporting data on the main problematic aspects of food safety and the state of health of the population of the Arkhangelsk Region and reveals primary morbidity indicators associated with food quality and consumption in all age groups of the population. The problems in the field of food security provision are identified. They are associated with the climatic and geographical location of the region, the features of the functioning of the agro-industrial complex, and insufficient properties. The key violations in the structure of food consumption are identified; certain problems are revealed in the field of providing food accessibility for the population. Consumption of basic types of food exceeds recommended, rational standards for products such as sugar by 62.5 %, vegetable oil by 11.7 %, and bread products by 9.4 %. Consumption of dairy products, meat, eggs, fish, vegetables, potatoes, fruits remains below the recommended level. The Arkhangelsk Region remains a risk territory for the general incidence and a number of nutritional diseases. This review makes it possible to draw attention to the fact that it is necessary to create the same level of priority ranking and comprehensiveness in the development of local measures aimed at achieving a high level of development of the agro-industrial complex and health care. In generating pricing policy and consumer preferences of the population, it is necessary to take into account the peculiarities of the traditional nutrition formed over the centuries, which best takes into account the peculiarities of the "polar metabolism" of the northerners.

Shift work in the Far North produces higher requirements for adaptive capabilities of workers. As a result of professional work in shift workers, there are formed adaptation strategies represented by four basic types. Determinants of their formation are the environmental and personal resources in the context of the adverse effects of the environment. The paper presents differences in the adaptation strategies of shift workers of diamond mining, logging and oil and gas production facilities in the Far North.