Despite the huge employment and income benefits from vegetable farming, smallholder growers in developing countries lack the knowledge about high value markets and their requirements. Most of these growers are ignorant have limited knowledge about vegetable contract farming, product standardization and grading of their produce, quality of produce preferred by customers, on delivery times and food safety standards. This study used primary data collected from 200 smallholder vegetable growers in Arumeru District in Arusha Region to identify the determinants of high-value market participation of smallholder vegetable growers in high-value markets. The findings indicated that farmers income, distance from the farm to the main road and yield had a significant influence on smallholder cabbage growers' participation in high-value markets to local markets. While for onion farmers, income, irrigation, extension services, and market information had a positive influence on farmers' market participation. But as for tomato growers, experience, the distance to high-value market, yield, and irrigation had significant influence on growers' participation. These findings demonstrated the urgent need to deliberately improve the factors that increase participation of smallholder growers in high-value markets if they are to get stable incomes and sustain their livelihoods. There is also a need to improve access to market information, develop farmers' business skills and improve rural access roads.