Syphilis is a disease that is relatively easy to detect by appropriate serological tests, however, all laboratory results should be considered together with clinical data and sexual risk anamnesis. Syphilis is also easy to treat with BPG. A major concern about the supply of BPG in many European countries could threaten the efficacy of the policies of eradication of the disease in Europe.

The 2020 edition of the European guideline on the management of syphilis is an update of the 2014 edition. Main modifications and updates include: ‐The ongoing epidemics of early syphilis in Europe, particularly in men who have sex with men (MSM) ‐The development of dual treponemal and non‐treponemal point‐of‐care (POC) tests ‐The progress in non‐treponemal test (NTT) automatization ‐The regular episodic shortage of benzathine penicillin G (BPG) in some European countries ‐The exclusion of azithromycin as an alternative treatment at any stage of syphilis ‐The pre‐exposure or immediate post‐exposure prophylaxis with doxycycline in populations at high risk of acquiring syphilis.

Scabies is caused by Sarcoptes scabiei var. hominis. The disease can be sexually transmitted. Patients' main complaint is nocturnal itch. Disseminated, excoriated, erythematous papules are usually seen on the anterior trunk and limbs. Crusted scabies occurs in immunocompromised hosts and may be associated with reduced or absent pruritus. Recommended treatments are permethrin 5% cream, oral ivermectin and benzyl benzoate 25% lotion. Alternative treatments are malathion 0.5% aqueous lotion, ivermectin 1% lotion and sulphur 6-33% cream, ointment or lotion. Crusted scabies therapy requires a topical scabicide and oral ivermectin. Mass treatment of large populations with endemic disease can be performed with a single dose of ivermectin (200 micrograms/kg of bodyweight). Partner management needs a look-back period of 2 months. Screening for other STI is recommended. Patients and close contacts should avoid sexual contact until completion of treatment and should strictly observe personal hygiene rules when living in crowded spaces. Written information should be provided to suspected cases.

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Long-term therapy with emollient is effective and well tolerated for the treatment of xerosis in children with atopic dermatitis.