Recordings of dynamic holograms with microsecond relaxation times under the action of nanosecond laser pulses are obtained in composites on the base of a novel class of liquid crystals (LCs) in ionic metal-alkanoates. Holographic parameters and relaxation characteristics are measured for doped lyotropic ionic LC, for sandwichlike cells (consisting of a dye layer and a layer of the lyotropic ionic LC), and for colored ionic smectic glasses. The structure of the materials is investigated by use of the small-angle x-ray technique. The mechanism of resonance nonlinearity in photosensitive centers and mechanisms of the grating erasure connected with a charge transport in the ionic conductive LC matrix are discussed.

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