-Le papilloma virus est responsable de différents types de lésions prolifératives de la muqueuse buccale. Cet article permet de faire le point concernant deux types de pathologies parmi les plus fréquemment rencontrées dans ce contexte, les condylomes acuminés et l'hyperplasie épithéliale focale. À partir de l'étude de trois observations cliniques réalisées au Tchad, et d'une revue de la littérature, nous envisageons la chaîne épidémiologique, en décrivant les lésions, en précisant leur pathogénie et leur mode de transmission, cette demarche aboutissant à l'évocation des diagnostics positif et différentiel et débouchant sur les aspects thérapeutiques. L'originalité de ce travail repose sur une séparation avec les théories classiques de la transmission par voie essentiellement sexuelle, et leurs conséquences chez l'enfant. Abstract-Oral injuries connected with contamination by the papilloma virus without sexual contact: a report of three cases. The human papilloma virus is responsible for many kinds of proliferative lesions of the oral mucosa. The aim of this article is to assess two pathologies among the most frequently observed, condyloma acuminate and focal oral hyperplasia. From the study of three young girls seen in a mission in Chad, and a literature survey, we consider the epidemiological chain, by describing the lesions, and specifying their pathogenesis and their mode of transmission, leading to positive and differential diagnoses and the therapeutic aspects. This case report shows a departure from the conventional theory of transmission by sexual contact, and the consequences of this for children. Mots clés : condylomes acuminés / hyperplasie épithéliale focale / muqueuse buccale / papilloma virus
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