The ‘Galleria bait method’ originally described for trapping of entomoparasitic nematodes in soil has been used successfully also for the detection of naturally occurring entomopathogenic fungi. In many soil samples several species, such as Beauveria bassiana, Metarrhizium anisopliae or Paecilomyces fumosoroseus, could be detected. This method can be applied for various ecological studies independent of the season and the occurrence of soil inhabiting host insects.
Zusammenfassung
Die “Galleria‐Köder‐Methode” zum Nachweis von insektenpathogenen Pilzen im Boden
Die ursprünglich zur Entdeckung von insektenparasitischen Nematoden im Boden entwickelte “Galleria‐Köder‐Methode” wurde auch zum Nachweis von natürlich vorkommenden insektenpathogenen Pilzen erfolgreich cingesetzt. Mit Hilfe dieses Verfahrens konnten mehrere Arten, wie Beauveria bassiana, Metarrhizium anisopliae oder Paecilomyces fumosoroseus, in zahlreichen Bodenproben nachgewiesen werden. Die Methode kann unabhängig von der Jahreszeit und vom Vorhandensein von bestimmten Wirtsinsekten im Boden für unterschiedliche ökologische Untersuchungen angewendet werden.
Metarhizium anisopliae is a well‐known entomopathogenic fungus active against many insect pests. This paper discusses the characteristics of M. anisopliae and related species of the same genus, its natural occurrence and host range, identifies the current target pest species and reports some new aspects in production and formulation; present safety data are summarized. Investigations on this fungus demonstrate that M. anisopliae can be an efficient biocontrol agent.
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