No abstract

Reactions of enaminonitriles with phosgene have been investigated. Enaminonitriles with an a hydrogen or a halogen gave enaminocarboxylic acid chlorides in moderate to good yields together with low yields of isocyanates. Reactions of enaminonitriles with an -cyano or -ethoxycarbonyl group resulted in the quantitative recovery of the starting materials. The acid chlorides obtained were characterized by spectral analyses and by conversion to derivatives such as esters and amides.

Human esophageal cells possess an H+-extruding mechanism consistent with an Na+/H+ exchanger. This mechanism is active in resting cells, adapts to the degree of pHi lowering, and extrudes H+ efficiently whether loaded by intracellular or extracellular means, making it well suited for epithelial defense against acid injury.

No abstract

No abstract