RESUMOEmbora o câncer de pele seja o mais frequente no Brasil e corresponda a 25% de todos os tumores malignos registrados no País, o melanoma representa apenas 4% das neoplasias malignas do órgão, porém é o tipo mais grave devido à sua alta possibilidade de metástase. Após uma comparação dos diversos estudos presentes nessa revisão, percebe-se determinada padronização no desenvolvimento da doença quanto ao sexo, idade, etnia e localização da lesão. No Brasil, essa neoplasia cresce anualmente e os fatores são diversos, como a pré-disposição genética e os maus cuidados com a pele, por isso, é fundamental trabalhar a conscientização sobre o risco dessa doença. Ademais, a incidência e prevalência do melanoma cutâneo carece de maior atenção das políticas públicas, pois o diagnóstico precoce é a chave-mestra para uma maior eficácia no tratamento.Palavras-Chave: Melanoma; Diagnóstico; Brasil; Epidemiologia. Impact And Importance Of Early Diagnosis Of Melanoma In Brazil ABSTRACTAlthough skin cancer is the most common in Brazil and corresponds to 25 % of all malignant tumors registered in the country, melanoma accounts for only 4 % of malignant neoplasms of the body, but is the most serious type because of its high possibility of metastasis. After a comparison of several studies present in this review, one can see a certain standardization in the development of the disease in terms of gender, age, ethnicity and location of the lesion. In Brazil, this type of tumor grows annually and factors are diverse, such as genetic predisposition and bad skin care, so it is essential to work toward an awareness about the risk of this disease. Besides, the incidence and prevalence of cutaneous melanoma needs further attention of public policies because an early diagnosis is the master key to a more effective treatment.
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