The text aims to present information about the pequi extraction and its ways of using it, in addition to conducting an analysis of the economic aspects of the market in the main municipalities of the state of Goiás using secondary data. The methodology used is quantitative with the bibliographic survey to forest management, exploitation and forest management of this specie, in addition to a quantitative research to obtain secondary data for economic analysis of the "pequi" production chain in the main municipalities of Goiás between 2014 and 2018, using data from the Mauro Borges Institute (IMB), Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics and Goiás Supply Center (CEASA-GO). The "pequi" tree is a non-timber forest product (NTFP) with wide use of all its parts (fruit, pulp, nut oil, wood and stem bark). The year 2016 had the highest volume of fruit and "pequi" pulp sales in Goiás, but due to the large supply, the value per kilo of canned food was low (R$ 25.62), contrasting with the value of 2015 (R$ 58.29). The City of Goiás (GO) is the one that received the most, in brazilian real, per kilo of "pequi", reaching R$ 675 million in the year of 2017. The commercialization of products derived from "pequi" mostly comes from exploitation, evidencing the need for government incentive to organize add value to the pequi production chain.