In this study, PF, location of tumor, and age were significant predictors of clear-cell RCC histopathology. The correlation of PF and histopathology may be useful in preoperative decision-making and surgical planning in the management of small RCN.

No abstract

We suggest that urologists in training for laparoscopy perform laparoscopic ureterolithotomy using a transperitoneal route. In expert hands, both transperitoneal and retroperitoneal approaches are feasible, and the choice depends on personal preference.

In small vessels, a supraphysiologic hematocrit increased the BP of both arteries and veins when using the Harmonic ACE or the LigaSure V. With the devices tested, anemia did not seem to affect BP. While factors such as intraluminal protein concentration may play a role with ultrasonic energy devices, the mechanism of the increased BP remains unclear. Better understanding of ESDs will help in the design of future devices.