No abstract

Daun saliara (Lantana camara L.) termasuk gulma tahunan berbentuk perdu, berkayu dan berakar tunggang. Daun saliara mengandung senyawa aktif minyak atsiri, flavonoid, alkaloid, tanin, saponin merupakan senyawa yang bersifat sebagai antibakteri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui ekstrak etanol daun saliara dapat diformulasikan dalam bentuk sediaan sabun cair dan memiliki aktivitas antibakteri terhadap Staphylococcus aureus dan Staphylococcus epidermidis. Penelitian ini bersifat eksperimental yaitu ekstrak etanol daun saliara (Lantana camara L.) dengan konsentrasi 3%, 6% dan 9% dan dilakukan uji sifat fisik sediaan dengan uji organoleptis, uji homogenitas, uji pH, uji tinggi busa, uji viskositas dan uji aktivitas antibakteri. Pembuatan sediaan sabun cair ekstrak etanol daun saliara (Lantana camara L.) konsentrasi 3%, 6% dan 9% memenuhi kriteria uji organoleptis bewarna hijau dan tekstur cair, uji homogenitas menunjukkan sediaan homogen, uji pH sabun cair yaitu 8-9, uji tinggi busa yaitu 53-86 mm, uji viskositas 1073-2890 cps dan uji aktivitas antibakteri Staphylococcus aureus dengan konsentrasi 3%, memiliki daya hambat 5 mm, konsentrasi 6% memiliki daya hambat 5,5 mm dan konsentrasi 9% memiliki daya hambat 6 mm. Sedangkan pada uji aktivitas terhadap bakteri Staphylococcus epidermidis dengan konsentrasi 3% memiliki daya hambat 5 mm, konsentrasi 6% memiliki daya hambat 6 mm dan konsentrasi 9% memiliki daya hambat 7 mm. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa sabun cair ekstrak etanol daun saliara (Lantana camara L.) memiliki daya hambat terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri Staphylococcus aureus dan Staphylococcus epidermidis.

Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious infectious disease caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium Tuberculosis which can attack various organs, especially the lungs. However, before treatment, the diagnosis needs to be made through laboratory tests with the right method with good sensitivity and specificity The purpose of this study was to determine the level of sensitivity and specificity of TB diagnoses. The research method is a descriptive analytic survey research with cross sectional design research design research was conducted from May to October 2019. The place of research was conducted at Pancur Batu Health Center Deli Serdang for taking sputum specimens and blood samples of TB suspect patients. The number of samples in this study were 33 people. The results obtained by the sensitivity and specificity of BTA by 75% and 88.9%. The results obtained sensitivity and specificity of GeneXpert of 95.8% and 100%. The results obtained sensitivity and specificity of Tuberculosis Immunocromatography (ICT) of 28% and 100%. The research results obtained sensitivity and specificity of Interferon Gamma Release Assay (IGRA) of 88% and 100%. BTA is suitable for use, the GeneXpert method is used for the TB RO program and the MGIT Gold Standard for MDR TB.

Pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) is still a problem that must be resolved in Indonesia, especially North Sumatra. The study aims to determine the effect of vitamin D supplementation on the speed of sputum conversion in pulmonary TB patients. Randomized controlled trial study was conducted on 41 pulmonary TB patients according to inclusion criteria. Research subjects were given TB drug (DOTS program) and vitamin D treatment for 2 months. Sputum examination based on smear was carried out microscopically at 2nd week, 4nd week, 6nd week, and 8nd week after treatment. The results showed that all pulmonary TB patients who were given the intervention experienced sputum conversion. Research subjects with AFB +1 occurred the fastest conversion compared to the others. Statistical analysis using chi square obtained significant results (p = 0.0001). Sputum conversion evaluation based on the initial AFB status, there was a significant relationship between the time of sputum conversion with the initial AFB status with a very strong correlation level (r = 0.767). Vitamin D has been shown to have a significant effect on the patient's sputum conversion. Keywords: pulmonary TB; vitamin D; sputum conversion

Tapak dara (Catharanthus roseus) is a plant belonging to the Apocynaceae family originating from Central America and is generally grown as an ornamental plant. The purpose of this study was to determine the percentage of mortality data and the LC50 value of tapak dara methanol extract (Catharanthus roseus) against Artemia salina Leach larvae using the Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) method. The BSLT method used consisted of 6 concentration treatments, namely 20 ppm, 60 ppm, 100 ppm, 140 ppm, 180 ppm, and 0 ppm a negative control, each of which was repeated three times. At each concentration, 10 experimental animals of 48 hours old Artemia salina Leach larvae were used. The toxic effect of the extract was identified by the percentage of mortality of Artemia salina Leach larvae using probit analysis (LC50). The results showed the linear regression equation y = 3.0809x – 12.065. This shows that the mortality of the test animals reached 50% when the compound concentration reached 34,599 ppm. Based on the toxicity test of the methanol extract of the tapak dara flower (Catharanthus roseus) using the Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) method, in this study it was toxic because LC50>1000 ppm so it has potential as an anticancer.