These results suggest that Mn status is elevated in these patients. Manganese supplementation should be used with caution in patients receiving long-term PN, and attention should be paid to the Mn content of multi-TE supplements.

Our HPN patients reported improved happiness and satisfaction regarding ease of use and function with a portable vs pole-mounted pump.

The registry is a valid tool to assess several clinical parameters. On follow-up, HPN patients maintain good nutrition status while PN is reduced but do have a reduced quality of life.