The viscosity of ionic liquids triisobutyl(methyl)phosphonium tosylate (IL-1) and trihexyl(tetradecyl)phosphonium bis-2,4,4-(trimethylpentyl)phosphinate (IL-2) were studied along with the surfactant p-tertoctylphenoxypolyoxyethylene(9.5)ether (Triton X-100 or TX-100). These fluids are non-Newtonian and witnessed mostly shear thinning and thickening behavior studied over a wide range of shear rate ((0.12 to 5.63) s −1 ) in the temperature range of (293 to 333) K. The activation parameters ΔH* (enthalpy of activation), ΔG* (free energy of activation), ΔS* (entropy of activation), and ΔC p * (change in heat capacity) values for their viscous flow were evaluated and presented. The magnitudes of the parameters were fairly large. The values of ΔG* increased with temperature, whereas the rest decreased. The values of ΔH* and ΔS* nicely compensated each other. Microbiological activities of IL-1, IL-2, and TX-100 were examined against two bacterial strains Bacillus subtilis (gram positive) and Escherichia coli (gram negative) by measuring the diameter of the inhibition zone ("diz"); both the ILs exhibited greater antimicrobial activity than that of TX-100.

Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles has been demonstrated using an aqueous extract of the pericarp of Sapindus mukorossi fruit as a reducing agent as well as a stabilizer.

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