<span lang="EN-US">This paper presents a study on an embedded spirometer using the low-cost MPX5100DP pressure sensor and an Arduino Uno board to measure the air exhaled flow rate and calculate force vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), and the FEV1/FVC ratio of human lungs volume. The exhaled air flow rate was measured from differential pressure in the sections of a mouthpiece tube using the venturi effect equation. This constructed mouthpiece and the embedded spirometer resulted in a 96.27% FVC reading accuracy with a deviation of 0.09 L and 98.05% FEV1 accuracy with a deviation of 0.05 L compared to spirometry. This spirometer integrates an HC-05 Bluetooth module for spirometry data transceiving to a smartphone for display and recording in an Android application for further chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) diagnosis.</span>
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.