This investigation was carried out at Kaha Vegetable Research Farm, Kalubia Governorate, Egypt 2015 and 2016 to study heterosis percentage over mid and better parents, potence ratio and correlation coefficient between traits for some important economical characters in cucumber. Five different parental lines of cucumber obtained from Cornell University which included parental line"1380-1"(P1); parental line"87-674-1"(P2); parental line"99-340"(P3); parental line"99-357"(P4) and parental line"99-347"(P5) were carried out by 5 x 5 half diallel mating design, the experimental design was randomized complete block with three replicates. The obtained results generally that the utilized parental lines appeared to have wide ranges of diversity in the different studied traits and their indicated differences were found significant in the most situations. The results exhibited that the highest significant heterosis (47.30%) was reported for early yield per feddan(ton) followed by total yield per feddan (45.81%) and fruit shape index (40.78%), while the largest significant heterosis over better parent (33.97 and 32.86%) was recorded for early yield per feddan followed by (31.53 and 31.50% ) for total yieldThe results illustrated that plant length(cm) and number of leaves per plant exhibited significant and positive genotypic and phenotypic correlation with fruit length(cm), fruit shape index(cm), early yield per feddan(ton), average fruit weight(g), number of fruits per plant and total yield per feddan (ton). These positive correlations indicated that a selection programme based on any of these traits will be resulted in increasing yield. Negative and significant association was estimated with days to anthesis first female flower and fruit diameter(cm).

This study was conducted to investigated the effect of compost and rates of nitrogen (50, 70 and 90 units / fed) and phosphorus (30, 45 and 60 units/ fed) and their interaction on the growth and yield of green onions in Fayoum Governorate during the winter season. 2016/2017 and 2017/2018.The data showed that the addition of organic fertilizer resulted in a significant increase in all studied traits, whether vegetative growth, total green yield / fed and TSS Regarding to amounts of of N,P and K in the leaves. It noticed that, the interaction effect of compost with gradual rates N and P fertilizers resulted in significant gradual increases. It also explained that the increase of nitrogen rates led to a significant increase in all the studied traits except the TSS which decreased by increasing nitrogen. The results showed a significant increase in all the studied traits by increasing the phosphorus. The best result was organic fertilization with the lowest nitrogen and the highest phosphorus.It is clear from the study that organic fertilization with increased rate of nitrogen and phosphorus leads to increase the growth as well as the green yield of onions except TSS, which decrease the increase rate of nitrogen fertilization. As for the thrips population, the results showed no significant differences in the thrips population count for the individual effects of each factor of the study separately, but the results showed that there was a significant effect of the interaction between the studied factors

Five genotypes of melon were obtained from Cornell University named, Line 00-1107 (P1); Line 00-1102 (P2); Line 00-1117 (P3); Line 00-1109A (P4) and Line 00-1113 (P5) which crossed in a half diallel mating design in Kaha Research Farm, Horticultural Research Institute, Agriculture Research Centre in the Kalyobiya Governorate, Egypt, during the planting summer seasons 2021 and all genotypes were evaluated during 2022 season. The results indicated that the genotypes in the study possessed high variability for all the studied traits. There were high differences between the crosses for mid parent and better parent heterosis in all the studied traits. F1 hybrids (P3×P4) and (P4×P5) gave the highest means for yield and yield attributes. The magnitudes of GCA and SCA effects were significantly which indicated the presence of both additive and dominance gene effect in governing all the studied traits. The GCA/SCA ratio was more than one which indicates that additive gene effect was more important in the inheritance of the studied traits. General combining ability analysis exhibited that P3 and P4 could be considered as promising parents in breeding programs to produce melon hybrids. Heritability in the broad sense was larger in values than their corresponding heritability in narrow sense, which indicates the large effects of the genetic variance on the expression of these traits. The obtained results of heritability evaluation presented additional evidence about predominance of dominance gene effect in the inheritance of the studied traits. Therefore, hybridization program could be used for producing superior promising melon hybrids.

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