Our investigation revealed a substantially high prevalence of vitamin D abnormality in the analyzed population. Although advanced age is a well-established risk factor for hypovitaminosis, young adults undergoing fusion should not be overlooked with regard to vitamin D screening; this age bracket is less likely to have been previously supplemented. In the absence of better-recognized determinants, spinal disability indices may also be useful in identifying those with deficiency.

Spinal deformity surgery used TLIFs rather than ALIFs resulted in shorter operative time with no difference in complication rates. ALIFs provided more segmental lordosis, whereas TLIFs afforded better correction of scoliotic curves.

The 7.6% admission rate is higher than previously reported, likely because the study institution is a tertiary referral center. ATV riding is associated with higher severity injuries that are more likely to require hospital admission. Most sports injuries that present to an emergency department, specifically isolated soft tissue injuries of the extremities, may be more efficiently treated in a non-emergent setting.