A pesca com camboas (currais) é uma atividade artesanal tradicional, comum nos estuários da Zona Costeira brasileira. A camboa é uma arte de pesca fixa de grande porte, construída artesanalmente por estaqueamento para sustentação de esteiras feitas com taliscas de cana brava ou telas sintéticas, e tem como finalidade capturar peixes por meio de armadilhamento no seu interior. Esse estudo objetivou caracterizar a pesca com camboas e os diferentes tipos encontrados no rio dos Patos na região do Baixo Sul da Bahia. A metodologia foi realizada em quatro etapas. A primeira etapa constou da identificação e espacialização de diferentes formatos de camboas, através das imagens de sensoriamento remoto de alta resolução, disponíveis gratuitamente, no Google Earth. Na segunda etapa foram realizadas entrevistas semi-estruturadas com pescadores e donos de camboas para a caracterização de pesca e dos diferentes tipos de camboas.Com as análises realizadas foi possível mapear na área de estudo a partir das imagens de satélite e do campo 27 camboas, dessas 21 estavam fixadas e três desativadas para manutenção das estacas e telas. Os resultados demonstraram a potencialidade das imagens de alta resolução disponíveis no Google Earth como uma excelente ferramenta no estudo e monitoramento das camboas de pesca. Spatialization of artisanal fishing with Google Earth Pro image subsidy: case study in the estuarine Coastal Zone of Sothern Bahia, Brazil A B S T R A C TThe artisanal fishing with camboas (weirs) is a traditional activity, common in estuaries of the Brazilian Coastal Zone. The camboa is a large fixed fishing gear used to catch fish by trapping inside. This study aimed to characterize the fisheries and the different types of camboas found, with the support of satellite imagery from Google Earth Pro, in a pilot area within the Southern Bahia region. The methodology was applied in four stages. The first phase started with the identification and mapping of the spatial distribution of different formats (types) of camboas, through remote sensing high resolution images available for free on Google Earth. In the second phase, semi-structured interviews with fishermen and camboas owners were carried out for the characterization of fisheries and different types of camboas. Subsequently, the direct verification was carried out in the field, to sampling some camboas’ fisheries. In the last stage, measurements of structures of samples of the different type of fixed fishing gear were made, considering: the maximum length of the cerco. It was possible to map 27 camboas in the study area from satellite images and field. From these, 21 camboas were in operation, and three were disabled for maintenance. The results demonstrated the potentiality of the high-resolution images available on Google Earth as an efficient tool to the study and monitoring of the spatial dynamics of fixed fishing gears, like the camboas of southern Bahia, Northeast Brazil.Key words: estuarine fisheries; fixed fishing gears; remote sense; traditional territories.
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