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Protection of young Douglas firs and other conifers from attacks by the large pine weevil, Hylobius abietis L. (Col. Curculionidae), consisted of repeated insecticide treatments by dipping or spraying with organochlorine or pyrethroid insecticides. The use of a controlled-release formulation as Marshal/ SuSCon containing the systemic carbamate insecticide carbosulfan in nurseries or on reforestation sites as a single treatment at planting time ensures a good level of protection. Using gas chromatography as a standard analytical method, carbofuran, a byproduct of carbosulfan, was detected and admitted to be the effective product. Its penetration in young plants is quick, and high levels of this product are observed 24 months after treatment. Comparisons between nursery and field trials show good protection of young Douglas firs over the critical period of establishment of the plantation with this formulation.

A seriea of 33 oxime N-methylcarbamates R 1 R2C=N O CONHCHa (R 1 and R2 = � • alkyl, cycloalkyl, haloalkyl, subatituted aryl, or groupsJike (CHa)2C=CH, CFaCOCH2] was synthes � and tested for potentiel anticholinesteraae activity. Some of thoee compounds 11uch as the a,a,a-tritluoroacetopben oxime derivativea were atudied for their in vitro and in vivo activity; other structures are nove) ones. The configuration of thoee compou nds was 888igned by s � pic methods (NMR, � • lf':>: The meaaure of the reeidual activity of the acetylcholinest erase (boVllle erythrocyte) after � e inhibition by thoee moleculea allowed the detennination of the diaaociation conatant � d and the . bimolecular � bamoylation rate conatant k•. To take isomeriam into account, the group � 18 always CIS to the carbamic moiety. The structure-acti�ty relationsbip studies were performed with the usual stru ctura! parame � rs and includedcom mercial compoundssuch as aldicarb, methomyl, and ommyl The correlation equation obtained is log ki • 0.4652:174' + 0.474174'R2 + 0.4072:T + 2.247 (n = � • r • 0.862,, • 0.74), � here � e electronic effect of the grouP6 R 1 and� is depicted by the Taft indu �y e constant . U: and � � po p bilic contribution by the Hansch parameter T, S P_eC � c . correlationa exhi . b1t th � prev � partiel ��� of the group � in the formation of the enzyme-inhib1tor complex and m the mteractiona of the inhib1tor with the trimethyl site. C sHs CFa 84 2a 4-FCsH• CFa oilb 3a CFs 4-ClCsH4 oilb 4a 4-CHsCsH. CF3 62 5a 4-CHaOCsH. CFa 105 6a CFs 4-C2HsOCsH. 70 7a CFa 4-CeH&OCsH. 105-8 8a CFa 4-CF 3 Csli. oilb 9a 3-FCsH. CFs 91/l.5mmHg 10a 3-CICsH. CFs 130/1 mmHg lla 3-CHaC&lic CFa oi!b 12a CFs 3-CHaOCsH. 120/0.5 mmHg 13& 2-FCsH, CFa oilb lu 2-CICsH. CFs 79/SmmHg 15a 2-CH 3 Csli. CFa oilb 16a 2-CHsOCsli. CFa 75 17a CFs 2-CHaOCsH.

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