Recent reviews of the experimental literature (Glanzer, 1958; Waters, Rethlingshafer, & Caldwell, 1960) summarize a growing body of data which is congruent with the "sensory reinforcement" hypothesis, i.e., operant behavior probability may be increased and maintained by stimuli unrelated to the usual organic need states (Barnes, Kish, & Wood, 1959). The data reviewed appear to fall into four general groupings:
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