of cwllagenous fillers, as seen for example in peridorit it is, results fro111 pririury alteratiori by the iriflariirnzatory dary attack by bacterial proteases.'I' r ea tm en t w it h ethylene oxicl c rendered reconstituted acid-soluble collagen readily digestible by colmibined pure cultures of human oral strains of fusiforrn bacilli, diphtheroid bacilli, streptococci, and veillonellae. The fact that only a few of these strains individually attacked such altered collagen to a slight extent indicates digestion by synergistic and symbiotic reactions between members of the oral microbiota. Concomitantly with increased digestibility from treatment with ethylene oxide, reconstituted collagen exhibited marked morphological changes as revealed by electron microscopy. S u jyc w? N v y . Mayo Clinic and M a y o Fn.,t Rochester, Ninn.The enzyme glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase (GOT) has attracted considerable interest recently because its concentrations in blood and tissue are altered characteristically in a numiber of disease states. Methods of purification devised up to now( 1,2) have produced no indication that this enzyme may occur in more than one form. We observed that crude GOT in an extract of cardiac muscle from dog, when chromatographed on certain ion exchangers, behaves as a mixture of 2 enzymes. When CM-cellulose was employed with phosphate buffer of pH 7.0 and r/2 = 0.01 or less, one component was adsorbed and could be eluted a t higher ionic strength and lower pH, while the other was adsorbed very little if at all. With DEAE-cellulose the be--*This investigation was supported in part by Research Grant from Nat. Tnst. of Arthritis and Metab. Diseases, P.H.S. t The Mayo Foundation, Rochester, Minn., is part of Graduate School of Univ. of Minnesota.havior olf the 2 fractions was reversed. These findings suggested that the 2 GOT'S may have opposite electrical charges at p H 7. To test this assumption, the paper electrophoresis of crude preparations of GOT was investigated.Methods and materials. Tissues were minced and extracted in a blendor with 3 volumes of cold water. The centrifuged extracts were concentrated several fold by ultrafiltration at 0°C. The solutions were recentrifuged at 30,000 g. They were then applied, in proportions of 10 to 40 pl, containing about 1 to 5 mg of protein, to the paper strips in a Spinco electrophoretic apparatus Model R. Phosphate buffer of pH 7.4, r/2 = 0.075, was used, often with the addition of one per cent bovine serum albumin as a stabilizer of enzymatic activity. Stabilization could be achieved also by applying quantities of tissue extracts corresponding to the larger amount of protein. Current was 5 milliamperes, temperature 8"C, at UNSW Library on July 18, 2015 ebm.sagepub.com Downloaded from

We determined plasma (serum alkaline phosphatase activity in 854 healthy students of the Rochester, Minnesota, public schools. Prepubertal girls had somewhat greater upper limits than did boys, and there was a low trend of increasing activity in both sexes. At the beginning of adolescence increasing activities were observed, which peaked at ages 11 to 12 years in girls and at ages 13 to 14 in boys. Adult values were not reached until six to eight years later. In 180 pairs of siblings, a significant intraclass correlation was noted. A possible role of alkaline phosphatase in the regulation of protein synthesis is suggested.

Meon Hydrolotine Dose -Group IV ?' 20 Control0 I 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 24 HOURS period FIG. I. Time-dose relationship of 4 groups of dogs given a lethal dose of endotosin. Group 1 1 UIItreated controls; group 2 = treated with hydralazine alone; group 3 = treated with hydrocortisoiic and metaraminol; group 4 = treated with hydrocortisone, inetaraniiiiol and hydralazine. Curves illustrate avg hourly blood pressure and output of urine. Animals surviving 24 hr after endotoxin are indicated for each group.Discussion. In studies on the pathogenesis of canine endotoxin shock attempts have been made to reverse the peripheral vascular collapse with various agents. After onset of hypotension, and oliguria or anuria, the most consistently successful results obtained in this laboratory have followed administration of a combination of hydrocortisone and metaraminol. The present study has demon-strated that hydralazine will increase urine flow in dogs having severe hypotension. This is in contrast to the untreated control series of animals that had a higher blood pressure but a consistently lower output of urine. When the systemic pressure was supported with a pressor drug and steroid, hydralazine had a favorable effect on output of urine, even though the blood pressure was lower than in the pressor-steroid treated group. These results are s f interest since hydralazine is usually employed as an anti-hypertensive drug.Summary. Canine endotoxin shock is characterized in part by hypotension, oliguria, hernoconcentration and acidosis. The "shock" can be reversed in some animals with a combination of a pressor drug and hydrocortisone. The addition of hydralazine to this combination greatly augments the flow of urine, and possibly contributes to the survival of animals.

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