Purpose -Innovation has been recognized as one of the main sources of competitive advantage for organizations and nations. The purpose of this study is to present an innovation management measurement approach applying fuzzy techniques to small and medium manufacturing enterprises.Design/methodology/approach -This study presents a survey focusing on seven innovation measurement areas: innovation strategy, knowledge management, project management, portfolio management, internal enablers, organization and structure and external enablers. A total of 91 small and medium enterprises (SMEs) located in the city of Morelia, Mexico, participated in the study. Furthermore, the data collected were analyzed under a multi-criteria decision-making approach using the theory of expertons and the induced generalized ordered weighted averaging (IGOWA) operator. Findings -The results show that the most valued areas are innovation strategy, organization and structure, knowledge management and project management.Furthermore, portfolio management, external drivers and internal drivers are the areas with the lowest valuations.Originality/value -This paper presents an original methodological structure based on an expertise process designed to achieve well-founded results from uncertain and subjective opinions directly from the managers of the surveyed SMEs.

This paper introduces the induced ordered weighted logarithmic averaging IOWLAD and multiregion induced ordered weighted logarithmic averaging MR-IOWLAD operators. The distinctive characteristic of these operators lies in the notion of distance measures combined with the complex reordering mechanism of inducing variables and the properties of the logarithmic averaging operators. The main advantage of MR-IOWLAD operators is their design, which is specifically thought to aid in decision-making when a set of diverse regions with different properties must be considered. Moreover, the induced weighting vector and the distance measure mechanisms of the operator allow for the wider modeling of problems, including heterogeneous information and the complex attitudinal character of experts, when aiming for an ideal scenario. Along with analyzing the main properties of the IOWLAD operators, their families and specific cases, we also introduce some extensions, such as the induced generalized ordered weighted averaging IGOWLAD operator and Choquet integrals. We present the induced Choquet logarithmic distance averaging ICLD operator and the generalized induced Choquet logarithmic distance averaging IGCLD operator. Finally, an illustrative example is proposed, including real-world information retrieved from the United Nations World Statistics for global regions.

Water alternating gas (WAG) injection schemes have become an important strategy for improved oil recovery (IOR) technique around the world, and have been the focus of interest in recent years in Venezuela. This drainage strategy is mainly planned according to the major concerns in Western Venezuela oil fields: optimizing gas resources and improving oil recoveries in the region. As part of the support to identify those reservoirs that will be candidates to WAG flooding in this area of the country, an extensive review was carried out to describe the main reservoir management strategies implemented in WAG pilot, as well as large field projects in order to evaluate international field experiences, before expensive reservoir description, laboratory studies, economic evaluations and WAG pilot projects are carried out. This paper briefly describes part of this review and also shows some screening criteria for WAG floodings. Data from successfull and unsuccessfull worldwide projects have been analyzed obtaining relevant information about crude oil and reservoir properties as well as gas injection capacities, incremental oil recoveries, among others. All these data have been compiled and the results are presented graphically; the relationship between them is discussed and compared with data of some of the reservoirs proposed for WAG floods in Venezuela. It has been found that WAG projects must be initiated with injection pressures 24% greater than reservoir pressures unless the formation is deeper than 8000 ft. Additionally, incremental oil recoveries reported by those projects are higher for lower viscosity ratios and do not depends on injected solvent slug sizes. Finally, the authors discuss how this screening was useful as a first look to identify the actual reservoir and facilities of different fields located at the Maracaibo Lake (e.g. B-6-X.10 and VLE-305) and select them for closer investigation and planning WAG pilot projects or "WAG Field Laboratories". P. 161

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