1This paper provides an estimation of air emissions (CO 2 , NO X , SO X and PM) released 2 by cruise vessels at the port-level. The methodology is based on the "full bottom-up" 3 approach and starts by evaluating the fuel consumed by each vessel on the basis of its 4 individual port-activities (manoeuvring, berthing and hoteling). The Port of Barcelona 5 was selected as the site at which to perform the analysis, in which 125 calls of 30 6 cruise vessels were monitored. Real-time data from the Automatic Identification 7 System (AIS), factor emissions from engine certificates and vessel characteristics from 8 IHS-Sea web database were also collected for the analysis. The research findings 9show that the most appropriate indicators are inventory emissions per "port time-Gross 10 Tonnage", "port time-passenger" and "port-time". These emission indicators improve 11 our understanding of cruise emissions and will facilitate the work that aims to estimate 12 reliably and quickly the in-port ship emission inventories of cruise ports. 13 14

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This paper presents the identification of energy efficiency and environmental impact of small markets in the city of Barranquilla -Colombia. The aim of the research was to identify the usage patterns of electrical equipment, the energy efficiency of refrigeration, and the advance on the replacement of critical refrigerants. As important results, we found that although all the effort of environmental agencies to replace critical substances, small markets keepers still use equipment for cooling products with refrigerants that generate negative impacts on the environment. Also, market keepers do not apply energy efficiency plans to control the use of energy or guarantee the quality of products. We identified the need of a special plan focus on the habits of population in the Caribbean Region of Colombia. We proposed a financial method to replace refrigerators and improve energy efficiency and environmental impact.

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