Stability studies must be carried out according to the guidelines provided by the International Conference of Harmonization, World Health Organization, and other agencies in a scheduled manner. The pharmaceutical product’s stability can be defined as the ability, within its physical, chemical, microbiological, toxicology, protective, and informational requirements of a particular formulation in a specific container-closure system. It also guarantees that the performance, safety, and efficacy are maintained throughout the shelf life of any pharmaceutical product which is considered as pre-requisite for acceptance and approval. Different stability test methods have originated with the need for constant monitoring of drugs and products for their quality and purity. In this review, we have included the types of stability of drugs substances, the relevance of different methods used to test the stability of the pharmaceutical product, guidelines issued to test the stability of pharmaceuticals, stability testing protocols which describes the main components of a well-controlled and regulated stability test and other aspects of stability.

Novel coronavirus also known as severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was emerged from Wuhan, China and have taken catastrophic form globally. India being a dense populated country is also affected by it’s deadly infection. Bats were considered as its primary host but COVID-19 disease became pandemic via human to human transmission by droplet nuclei. The incubation period ranges upto 14 days and main symptoms of disease were noticed as atypical pneumonia, fever, difficult breathing, decreased SPO2 level and ultimately death due to respiratory failure depending upon immune status of the patients. Coronaviruses are positive-sense, single-stranded RNA viruses and harbour a genome (30 kb) consisting of two terminal untranslated regions and twelve putative functional open reading frames (ORFs), encoding for non-structural and structural proteins. There are sixteen putative non-structural proteins, including proteases, RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, helicase, other proteins involved in the transcription and replication of SARS-CoV-2, and four structural proteins, including spike protein (S), envelope (E), membrane (M), and nucleocapsid (N). SARS-CoV-2 infection, with a heavy viral load in the body, destroys the human lungs through cytokine storm, especially in elderly persons and people with immunosuppressed disorders. A number of drugs have been repurposed and employed, but still, no specific antiviral medicine has been approved by the FDA to treat this disease. This review provides a current status of the COVID-19, epidemiology, an overview of phylogeny, mode of action, diagnosis, and possible treatment methods and vaccines.