Lectin is one of the known antinutritional factors that deteriorate the soybean protein quality and development of cultivars with low lectin content will help to improve nutritional quality of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill]. Therefore, attempts were made to induce mutations for low lectin content in the cultivar ÔMACS 450Õ. Soybean cultivar ÔMACS 450Õ was subjected to combination treatments of c-rays and ethyl methane sulphonate (EMS) with an objective to induce variability for low lectin content. The treatments of different combinations of c-rays and EMS were 50 Gy + 0.2% EMS, 50 Gy + 0.4% EMS, 100 Gy + 0.2% EMS and 100 Gy + 0.4% EMS. Of the 3200 treated M 1 seeds sown, 16 400 M 2 plants were raised. In M 2, 72 plants were identified for low lectin content [<40 · 10 5 haemagglutination unit (HAU)/mg] and were carried up to M 5 generation. In M 5 generation, lectin content in ÔMACS 450Õ was 39.23 to 50.0 · 10 5 HAU/mg, and was compared with the nine true breeding lines identified having low lectin content, ranging from 2.3 · 10 5 to 27.46 · 10 5 HAU/mg. Three mutants were found to possess very low lectin content (ranging from 2.0 · 10 5 to 3.0 · 10 5 HAU/mg). Thus, the identified mutant lines with low lectin content will greatly improve soybean protein quality, thereby reducing financial burden on the soybean industry for processing soybean meal and also making it suitable for human consumption. All the mutants showed normal seed development, having soluble protein content similar or higher than that in the parent (32.0 mg/ml). This indicates that the change in lectin content does not have any negative impact on the plant growth and protein content.

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ABSTRACT-Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) is an important fiber crop in the world being used in the textile industry and over 90% of cotton grown in the world is upland cotton. An experimental design carried out for integration of earliness genes from sindose-80 to bulgare-557 during 2005 to 2016 in the Department of Botany, University of PuneIndia and Agricultural Research Center of Tehran-Iran. The first cross carried out between sindose-80 and bulgare-557 in 2005 and after crossing five years selection was done among segregated population till to F 5 . In 2011 the second cross carried out as a back cross between the new variety and sindose-80. Five years selection was also done after second cross. In 2016, the new earliness genotype compared with the five native and commercial cotton varieties in RCBD design. The criterion for earliness was a new earliness index of combined picking and day (CPD), which has been presented as a new earliness index in this paper along with EFD and FFT indexes. Mean comparison of traits such as three earliness indexes, boll per plant, micronaire and yield showed priority of the new earliness genotype. Comparison of the three earliness indexes indicated priority of CPD index, which is combined by both time and weight to the two conventional indexes such as EFD and FFT which are showing time and weight affects in the earliness respectively.

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