During the 19th Century, more than 2000 children of sub-Saharan origin were redeemed from slavery by missionaries and educated in Europe with the aim of sending them back to Africa as «indigenous missionaries». Yet, so far this phenomenon has found no place in historiography and collective memory. Forgotten, perhaps, or removed. The so-called «moretti» were not mere anonymous satellites, orbiting around the European missionaries. Victims of the choices of others, but also protagonists according their own choices, they were real «agents of history». This book is a first attempt to remove them from the peripheries of our narratives and to return them a place and a name. The archives show it clearly: African-Europeans are far from being just recent actors of European history.
Che cosa sono i negri? est un manuscrit de 1889, inédit, qui dénonce les théories racistes de l’Europe de l’époque et analyse les causes historiques du retard du développement du continent africain. Il propose un renouveau des sociétés africaines à travers la conversion au christianisme effectuée par les Africains eux‑mêmes. Daniele Sorur Pharim Den (v. 1859‑1900), Dinka du sud Soudan, en est l’auteur. Réduit en esclavage par des marchands arabes, affranchi par le missionnaire Daniele Comboni, séminariste à Rome et à Beyrouth, il est ordonné prêtre en 1887 au Caire et sera missionnaire en Afrique toute sa vie. Son ouvrage tire son inspiration de ses voyages en Europe entre 1889 et 1891. Africain et prêtre, séminariste en Europe, mais missionnaire en Afrique, Sorur dans son récit se présente en tant que pont entre les deux continents, en proposant une vision originale de la régénération de l’Afrique par les Africains.
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