This is the accepted version of the following article: Tayà Cristellys, Carlota et al. "Methanol-driven enhanced biological phosphorus removal with a syntrophic consortium" in Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Vol. 110, Issue 2 (February 2013), p.391 -400, which has been published in final form at 10.1002/bit.24625. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Self-Archiving. 2 ABSTRACTThe presence of suitable carbon sources for enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) plays a key role in phosphorus removal from wastewater in urban WWTP. For wastewaters with low VFAs content, an external carbon addition is necessary. As methanol is the most commonly external carbon source used for denitrification it could be a priori a promising alternative, but previous attempts to use it for EBPR have failed. This study is the first successful report of methanol utilization as external carbon source for EBPR. Since a direct replacement strategy (i.e. supply of methanol as a sole carbon source to a propionic-fed PAOenriched sludge) failed, a novel process was designed and implemented successfully: development of a consortium with anaerobic biomass and PAOs. Methanol-degrading acetogens were i) selected against other anaerobic methanol degraders from an anaerobic sludge, ii) subjected to conventional EBPR conditions (anaerobic + aerobic) and iii) bioaugmented with PAOs. EBPR with methanol as a sole carbon source was sustained in a mid-term basis with this procedure.