In vitro rooting and the acclimatization of micropropagated rootstocks of apple trees is essential for plant development in the field. The aim of this work was to assess the use of rhizobia of Adesmia latifolia to promote rooting and acclimatization in micropropagated Marubakaido apple rootstock. An experiment involving in vitro rooting and acclimatization was performed with four strains of rhizobium and two controls, one with and the other without the addition of synthetic indoleacetic acid. The inoculated treatments involved the use of sterile inoculum and inoculum containing live rhizobia. The most significant effects on the rooting rate, primary-root length, number of roots, root length, fresh-shoot biomass, and fresh-root biomass were obtained by inoculation with strain EEL16010B and with synthetic indole acetic acid. However, there was no difference in the growth of apple explants in the acclimatization experiments. Strain EEL16010B can be used to induce in vitro rooting of the Marubakaido rootstock and can replace the use of synthetic indoleacetic acid in the rooting of this cultivar.

RESUMO -Tendo em vista os resultados obtidos, cruzamentos entre os genótipos do primeiro e segundo grupo e destes com o genótipo Crioula Roxa, podem ser melhores por apresentarem maior divergência entre si. A técnica de RAPD mostrou-se eficaz na caracterização molecular dos genótipos de cebola, evidenciando que existe variabilidade entre os genótipos estudados. Palavras-chave: Allium cepa L.. Melhoramento vegetal. Divergência genética.ABSTRACT -The genetic divergence has been measure between fifteen genotypes of onion grown in Santa Catarina using RAPD markers. Eleven primers from Operon Technologies series was used to produced 35 markers, these, 28 were polymorphic. The amplification products were visualized on 1.4% agarose gel stained with ethidium bromide. A similarity matrix using the Jaccard coefficient was constructed with the molecular data. A dendrogram was generated to better visualize the genetic similarity using a clustering method UPGMA. Three groups were formed using the similarity coefficient 0.6 as cutoff point. The first group met genotypes Super Superprecoce and Gauchinha. The second group met twelve genotypes. Into this group, the genotypes Bella Vista and Bella Dura were those with the greatest similarity coefficient, around 0.89. Bela Vista and Superprecoce, Catarina and the hybrid Bella Vista, with similarity coefficient of 0.88 between the pairs. The third group had only the genotype Crioula Roxa, which had the lowest value (0.31) for the similarity coefficient. Given these results, crosses between the genotypes of the first and second group and those with genotype Crioula Roxa can be better, because they have greater divergence between them. The RAPD technique proved effective in the molecular characterization of genotypes of onion, showing that there is variability among the genotypes.

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ RESUMOA adesmia (Adesmia latifolia) é uma leguminosa nativa da região sul do Brasil, que apresenta algumas características de crescimento e adaptação interessantes para o seu cultivo como espécie forrageira. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi isolar, identificar e autenticar rizóbios infectivos e eficientes quanto à fixação biológica de nitrogênio em adesmia. Com base em características morfo-fisiológicas foram isoladas e identificadas colônias com características rizobianas. Também foram estudadas três estirpes recomendadas para adesmia (SEMIA 3007, SEMIA 6437 e SEMIA 6438), e 50 rizóbios isolados de A. latifolia, fornecidos pela Epagri-SC. Foram obtidos 17 isolados bacterianos. No experimento para autenticação observou-se que do total de rizóbios estudados, 61 isolados foram capazes de nodular adesmia e 38 foram capazes de incrementar a massa fresca das plantas. As plantas inoculadas com os isolados EEL46210 e EEL1010 superaram as do tratamento Controle + N e as inoculadas com a estirpe SEMIA6437 na produção de massa fresca total, número de folhas e comprimento da parte aérea.Palavras-chave: Fixação Biológica de Nitrogênio (FBN). Simbiose. Adesmia latifolia. Pastagem Nativa.