Objective.The goal of this study was to describe long-term patient survival and possible prognostic factors of a group of patients diagnosed with granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) and microscopic polyangiitis (MPA) hospitalized at the tertiary Rheumatology Centre in Vilnius.Material and Methods.A cross-sectional study of 27 patients hospitalized at the Rheumatology Centre of Santaros klinikos of Vilnius University Hospital from 1 January 2001 to 31 December 2015 with diagnoses of GPA and MPA were carried out. Data on demographics, clinical characteristics, laboratory data, and the Birmingham Vasculitis Activity Score were collected.Results.Seven (25.9%) patients during the onset of the disease received only oral glucocorticoids and 20 (74.1%) patients took additional medication. The BVAS median was 7 (minimum [min] – 2; maximum [max] – 23). The age median was 52 years (min – 12; max – 75). The overall mortality rate was 18.5%. Mean survival time was 126.6 months (95% confidence interval [CI] = 104.5 to 148.6) limited to 154.6 months for the longest-surviving patient.Conclusions.Life expectancy during past 15 years for AAV patients increased from 99.4 to 126.6 months. A high BVAS score at the onset of the disease is a bad prognostic factor related to shorter life expectancy. The growth of Staphylococcus aureus from nasopharynx might be associated with higher mortality rates and relapses in AAV patients.
SANTRAUKAReikšminiai žodžiai: mikroskopinis poliangitas, ANCA, aortos aneurizma, širdies tamponada. Pristatome klinikinį atvejį 68 m. moters, kuri pirmą kartą kreipėsi į gydytojus 2003 m. dėl nepastovių, migruojančių sąnarių skausmų. 2008 m. dėl inkstų funkcijos sutrikimo atlikta biopsija, nustatytas židininis pusmėnulinis sklerozuojantis glomerulonefritas, asocijuotas su antineutrofilinių citoplazminių antikūnų (angl. antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibodies) buvimu. Diagnozuotas mikroskopinis poliangitas, paskirta prednizolono ir ciklofosfamido pulsterapija. Praėjus keturiems mėnesiams po prednizolono nutraukimo, atsirado plaštakų ir kelių sąnarių skausmai. Skirtas gydymas prednizolonu, azatioprinu, fosinopriliu (hipertenzijos korekcijai), vaistų dozės buvo koreguojamos atsižvelgiant į ligos eigą ir inkstų funkcijos rodiklius. 2014 m. diagnozuota antrinė sensomotorinė distalinė galūnių polineuropatija. 2015-05-10 pacientė kreipėsi dėl stiprių nugaros skausmų, kurie prasidėjo prieš 3 mėnesius. Įtarus aortos aneurizmą, atlikta krūtinės ląstos kompiuterinės tomografijos angiografija, nustatyta aortos kylančiosios dalies aneurizma be disekacijos požymių ir daugybiniai kompresiniai slankstelių lūžiai (krūtininiai 6-10, 12). Dėl sunkios būklės kardiochirurginė intervencija kontraindikuotina. 2015-05-11 diagnozuotas galvos smegenų infarktas, somnolencija, lengva tetraparezė. 2015-06-04 nustatyta kairės kojos ūminė giliųjų venų trombozė. 2015-06-23 plyšo kylančiosios aortos aneurizma, susidarė hemoperikardas ir išsivystė širdies tamponada, gaivinimo priemonės neefektyvios -konstatuota pacientės mirtis. Šiame straipsnyje pateikiame klinikinio atvejo analizę -pacientės, sergančios mikroskopiniu poliangitu, kuris pasireiškė sunkiomis ir retomis komplikacijomis. ABSTRACTKey words: microscopic polyangiitis, ANCA, aortic aneurysm, cardiac tamponade. We represent the clinical case of 68 years old woman, who appealed to the doctor in 2003 for the first time because of unstable, migratory achy joints. In 2008 biopsy was taken because of kidney failure symptoms, biopsy demonstrated focal sclerosing crescentic glomerulonephritis associated with the presence of anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibodies. Microscopic polyangiitis was diagnosed and prednizolon and cyclophosphamide pulse therapy were prescribed. Four months after prednizolon termination patient started to feel pain in joints of hands and knees. Applied treatment: prednizolon, azatioprin, fosinopril (for correction of hypertension). Doses were adjusted periodically according to the process of the disease and results of medical tests of kidney function. In 2014 secondary sensorimotor distal polyneuropathy of the limbs was diagnosed. Patient appealed on 10/05/2015 because of heavy back pain, which started 3 months ago. As the aortic aneurysm was suspected, chest Computed Tomography Angiography was made, which revealed ascending aortic aneurysm without signs of dissection and multiple compression fractures of vertebrae (thoracic 6-10, 12). Cardiac surgery was contraind...
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