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Arising from an inductive reflection on the teaching of an INSET course for rural teachers, this article develops a largely conceptual argument about the role of theoretical knowledge in teacher development. Teachers' experiences -and practical knowledge derived from it -are not sufficient to develop teacher expertise. Theoretical reflection in turn produces qualitatively different insights about teaching and learning, which can provide teachers with conceptual tools to establish new links between what they know and what they do. However, there is very little research evidence about the way experienced yet poorly qualified teachers use theoretical knowledge to reflect about their work.

Das privat geführte Zirkusarchiv Winkler in Berlin gilt als die derzeit größte Sammlung von Printmaterialien zu Artistik und Schaustellerwesen im deutschsprachigen Raum. Das Ehepaar Winkler sieht die Aufgabe des Archivs darin, diesen Bereich der Kulturgeschichte mit Dokumenten aus dessen Geschichte und Gegenwart zu bewahren und für die Forschung und künstlerische Auseinandersetzung bereit zu stellen. Neben eigenen Publikationen werden wissenschaftliche Arbeiten von Studierenden und Forschern unterstützt sowie künstlerische Produktionen und Ausstellungen.

In this article questions regarding the usefulness of the concept morher tongue are raised. A small-scale research project conducted at Maryvale College reveals that the majority of students at the school grow up in multilingual homes without a language that could clearly be identified as mother tongue. The implications of this in terms of English Second Language, Lirn ired English Proficiency and academic performance are discussed. It is argued that it may be necessary to think about the cogniiive skills of students rather than their language proficiency in order to isolate and understand the factors which hinder their academic performance.

In a double-blind randomized protocol the effectiveness of the specific bradycardic agent alinidine (0.6 mg.kg-1 i.v.) was compared to that of the betablocker metoprolol (0.035 mg.kg-1 i.v.). Twenty-four coronary artery disease patients undergoing a bypass procedure with an intraoperative heart rate increase of more than 20% were included. Patients with a concomitant intraoperative mean arterial pressure increase of more than 30% or with an intraoperative wedge pressure higher than 15 mmHg (2.0 kPa) were excluded. After application of alinidine and metoprolol, heart rate decreased significantly (P less than 0.01) in the alinidine group from 88 +/- 19 beats per min to 72 +/- 13 and in the metoprolol group from 82 +/- 16 to 72 +/- 12. Baseline values were not obtained. Compared to the hemodynamic changes in the metoprolol group, the alterations of pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP) (P less than 0.05), stroke volume index (SVI) (P less than 0.05), left ventricular stroke work index (LVSWI) (P less than 0.01) and right ventricular stroke work index (RVSWI) (P less than 0.05) in the alinidine group were statistically significantly different. PCWP remained unchanged after alinidine and increased in the metoprolol group (1.4 +/- 0.4 to 1.6 +/- 0.4 kPa). In the alinidine group LVSWI (43.1 +/- 15 to 49.2 +/- 18 g-m.m-2), RVSWI (5.1 +/- 4 to 6.6 +/- 3 g-m.m-2) and SVI (37.2 +/- 12.2 to 42.5 +/- 12.8 ml.m-2) increased.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)