This study aimed to characterize the outbreaks of equine infectious anemia (EIA) identified, between the years 2009 and 2015, in the western region of the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. We identified 26 positive horses on 24 properties. Each positive property was considered an outbreak of the disease. The diagnoses were made using the agar gel immunodiffusion (AGID) test as a part of the sanitary checks conducted during animal transportation or certification of the horse´s sanitary status. The positive properties included farms or horse barns, and the infected animals were used for ranch work, sports, or reproduction. One outbreak was identified in animals that were being illegally transported from Argentina to Brazil. Fifteen outbreaks occurred on properties that were not registered with the Official Veterinary Service (OVS). Eleven outbreaks were identified in urban areas and 13 in rural areas. Twelve of the 24 outbreaks were diagnosed in 2015 alone, nine of which occurred in São Borja county. On two properties, a diagnosis could not be confirmed with a retest; therefore, these outbreaks were discharged. During sanitation checks on three properties, 12 additional positive animals were identified among a population of 1,108 susceptible animals. Based on these findings, we concluded that a subclinical form of the infection is present in that area, which is linked to properties that are not registered with the OVS, and that animals which are transported illegally across international borders represent a potential risk.

No abstract

Leishmaniasis es una enfermedad emergente en países en desarrollo y posee características de zoonosis rural; ha sido descrita con frecuencia en centros urbanos acometiendo perros y humanos. Este trabajo tuvo como objetivo realizar un estudio espacial retrospectivo, analizando las fichas de Protocolo de Campo Veterinario utilizadas entre los años 2009 y 2016 por la Vigilancia Sanitaria del municipio de Itaqui, estado de Rio Grande do Sul de Brasil, donde se registran los casos de Leishmaniasis Viceral Canina (LVC). Se analizaron 1.392 fichas confirmadas con los análisis de laboratorio, 54,74% de los perros negativos para LVC y 44,54% de los perros positivos para LVC. Los barrios de mayor incidencia fueron: Centro (209), Chácara (56), Cidade Alta (50), Capelinha (40) y Ponte Seca (39). Con el uso de herramientas del Sistema de Información Geográfica (SIG) fue posible detectar zonas con mayor ocurrencia de casos. Los barrios Centro y Ponte Seca fueron identificados como los primeros lugares de infección en perros, relacionando esos casos a los factores de riesgo para proliferación de vectores como lo son las zonas ribereñas y con mayor densidad de vegetación.

RESUMO:O presente estudo foi desenvolvido para a compreensão das medidas tecnológicas de proteção e manutenção do meio ambiente que o setor empresarial do ramo de beneficiamento de arroz utiliza, enfatizando os novos mercados que uma empresa conquista ao adotar um plano de Gestão Ambiental. O objetivo foi identificar estratégias que possam conduzir a melhorias efetivas do desempenho ambiental, social e econômico de empresas de beneficiamento de arroz da cidade de Itaqui e questionar, descrever e interpretar o contexto no qual vêm se desenvolvendo as atividades de Gestão Ambiental destas empresas. O trabalho baseou-se em aspectos fundamentais para o desenvolvimento sustentável e a implantação de energia limpa.