Within a dialysis cohort spread over adjacent regions of three countries, LR has the same global distribution pattern, indicating that different health and social security systems do not play a major role in inducing or preventing this practice. The contributing factors for LR that were identified are the type of the referring physician and the structure of the dialysis unit. Both factors are potential targets for an educational and collaborative approach.

The rubidium and lithium ions are known to have opposite effects on a wide range of biochemical and behavioral parameters in experimental animals. Based on the proven effectiveness of lithium as an antimanic agent, several trials have been conducted with rubidium in the acute treatment of the depressive phase of bipolar illness. The results to date are promising. However, the 30- to 60-day biologic half-life of rubidium has mandated careful studies of potential toxicity before engaging in long-term administration of this ion to depressive subjects. One area of potential concern is the possibility of renal toxicity, which could be expressed as unexpectedly increased retention of rubidium. The data in this paper show that after 15 days of rubidium administration, there are no changes beyond the normal range in a variety of kidney function tests, including in four enzymes which are specific markers of tubule cell function.

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Septic shock after cardiac surgery is rare,with a prevalence between 0,39% and 2.5% (1). and mortality, from 65% to 79%. Reducing the time to diagnosis and early extracorporeal treatement is a crucial factor for reducing mortality (1) We assessed the effectiveness of IgM Enriched Immunoglobulins associated with 72 hours of CRRT with Emic2 in post-cardio surgical septic shock patients. We tested IL 6, Procalcitonin, WBC and Enodotixin Activity before treatment and at 24,48 and 72 hours. We tested SOFA score Inotropic Score and Ventricular arterial coupling (Ea/Ees) measured badside with iElastance2017® This experience confirm that Pentaglobin® with Emic2 in early septic shock is safe and reduce concentration of major cytokines and endotoxin activity. It seems to be useful in reducing sofa Score and Inotropic Score and in improving Cardiovascular performance Further larger assessment can be advised for confirmation. Paternoster. JCVA 2016 (773.780) Benedetto J T C Surg. 2010, 646-70. Wand P One Aug 9,2016

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